M'malo ovuta kwambiri kapena ovuta kuti anthu azitha kuyendamo, maloboti azikhalidwe zamawilo kapena zotsatiridwa nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zovuta chifukwa cha kusasinthika kwa malo komanso kusakhazikika kwawo. Maloboti a hexapod, omwe ali ndi kapangidwe kake kapadera ka biomimetic komanso kayendedwe ka miyendo yawo isanu ndi umodzi, amawonetsa kusuntha kwapadera komanso kuthekera kokwaniritsa cholinga m'malo otsetsereka, malo otsekeka, ngakhale m'malo opanda kulemera, kukhala ukadaulo wotsogola pantchito zapadera zachilengedwe.
Ubwino wa Bionic wa Kapangidwe ka Hexapod: Kukhazikika Kokhazikika ndi Kusinthasintha
Mapangidwe a maloboti a hexapod amakopeka ndi nyama zomwe zimapezeka m'chilengedwe, monga mphemvu ndi akangaude. Zamoyozi zimagwiritsa ntchito-zolumikizana ndi miyendo yambiri komanso zosintha zapakati pa mphamvu yokoka kuti zisamayende bwino m'nthaka yosasunthika, m'mipata yamiyala, ngakhalenso makoma oyimirira. Maloboti a hexapod amatengera chikhalidwe ichi: ngati mwendo umodzi kapena iwiri yatsekeredwa ndi chopinga, miyendo inayi yotsalayo imatha kusintha mayendedwe awo munthawi yeniyeni kudzera munjira, kupanga cholumikizira chokhazikika cha katatu (chofanana ndi "tripod gait" ya tizilombo) kuteteza loboti kuti isadutse. Zoyeserera zikuwonetsa kuti pamiyala yokhala ndi ma℃30 kapena mapaipi okhala ndi mainchesi 15 okha, kuchuluka kwa loboti ya hexapod kumakwera 40% kuposa loboti yokhala ndi ma quadruped ndi 70% kuposa ya loboti yamawilo.
Chofunika kwambiri, kuwonjezereka kwa mawonekedwe a hexapod kumapatsa loboti kusinthika kwapadera kwachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, pofufuza ndi kupulumutsa zinyalala, ngati mwendo wawonongeka chifukwa cha kugundana, dongosololi likhoza kugawiranso katunduyo, kusamutsa 30% ya kulemera kwake komwe poyamba kunanyamulidwa ndi mwendo umenewo kupita ku miyendo ina isanu, ndikupitirizabe kutsogolo kupyolera mukukonzekera kuyendayenda (monga kusinthana limodzi{2}}kudumpha mwendo ndi kukwawa kochuluka{3}). Kuthekera uku "kulekerera kuwonongeka" ndizovuta kwa maloboti ambiri kukwaniritsa.
Kutsimikizira Kothandiza M'malo Apadera: Kuchokera ku Madera a Polar kupita ku Deep Space
Mtengo wa maloboti a hexapod watsimikiziridwa muzochitika zosiyanasiyana. Pamaulendo asayansi a ku Arctic, gulu lofufuza la ku Canada linapanga loboti ya "Polar Hexapod" yokhala ndi chithunzi cha infrared thermal ndi gawo lobowola madzi oundana, yomwe idadutsa bwino m'malo oundana oundana ndi madzi oundana pa -40 digiri, kusonkhanitsa zitsanzo za madera ang'onoang'ono a m'nyanja. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma drones kukanapangitsa kuti moyo wa batri ukhale wotsika kwambiri chifukwa cha kutentha pang'ono, pomwe kudalira ogwiritsa ntchito anthu kukanabweretsa chiwopsezo cha chisanu.
Pofufuza za kuphulika kwa mapiri, loboti ya "Vulcan" ya hexapod ya ku yunivesite ya Tokyo, ku Japan, yokhala ndi-yokhala ndi chipolopolo cha kutentha kwambiri (yotha kupirira kutentha kwa madigiri 300) ndi gulu la sensa ya gasi, yalowa m'mphepete mwa mapiri a volcano dioxide kuti asonkhanitse deta ya sulfure. Miyendo yake isanu ndi umodzi imakhala ndi ma hydraulically damped joints, kuonetsetsa kuti ikuyenda bwino chifukwa cha phulusa ndi zinyalala zomwe zaphulika. Zida zamagudumu zimakhala zosavuta kutsekeka m'malo oterowo chifukwa cha zinyalala zomwe zimakhazikika m'magudumu.
Zomwe zimalonjeza kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito malo. Chithunzi cha "Lunar Hexapod" chomwe chikuyesedwa pano ndi NASA chili ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yokoka (1/6 ya mphamvu yokoka ya Earth). Mwendo uliwonse uli ndi nangula wokhoza kubweza. Pa sitepe, loboti imateteza thupi lake ndi nangula isananyamule mwendo wapafupi kuti usunthe, kupewa kuterera chifukwa cha dothi lofewa la mwezi. Zoyerekeza zomwe zidachitika mu 2023 zidawonetsa kuti lobotiyo idakwera motsetsereka kwa digirii 25 ya mikanda yagalasi yopangidwa ndi dothi lokhala ndi mwezi molimba kwambiri kuwirikiza katatu kuposa Apollo lunar rover, pomwe inkangodya mphamvu imodzi yokha-pachisanu chachisanu.
Mabotolo Aukadaulo ndi Kupambana Kwamtsogolo
Ngakhale kuti ali ndi chiyembekezo chodalirika, maloboti a hexapod amakumanabe ndi zovuta zazikulu zitatu: Choyamba, kukakamizidwa kwa-kupanga zisankho zenizeni nthawi-panthawi yovuta. Ma algorithms achikhalidwe amatha kukhala ndi kuchedwa mukakumana ndi malo ofewa nthawi imodzi, zopinga zam'mwamba, ndi kusokonezeka kwamphamvu (monga mphepo ndi madzi). Chachiwiri, zolepheretsa kupereka mphamvu. Kuyenda kwambiri-kunyamula katundu, makamaka m'malo akuya kwambiri kapena pansi popanda kuyitanitsa kunja, kumapangitsa kuti batire ikhale yochuluka kwambiri. Chachitatu, mkangano pakati pa mtengo ndi miniaturization. Maloboti omwe alipo-okwera kwambiri nthawi zambiri amawononga ndalama zoposera madola miliyoni imodzi, kumachepetsa-kutumiza kwakukulu.
Academia yapereka njira zingapo zatsopano zothetsera mavutowa. Mwachitsanzo, "adaptive gait engine" pamodzi ndi kuphunzira mozama kumathandiza maloboti kuphunzira okha njira zabwino zoyendetsera zinthu poyerekezera mamiliyoni a zochitika zosiyanasiyana m'malo osiyanasiyana. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosinthika za biomimetic (monga carbon fiber bionic tendons) kumachepetsa kulemera kwa mwendo ndikuwongolera kukana. Ndipo ma modular energy design (monga integrated micro-mabatire a nyukiliya kapena solar film) amawonjezera moyo wa batri.
Ndizodziwikiratu kuti ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya zinthu, luntha lochita kupanga, ndi chiphunzitso chowongolera, maloboti a hexapod adzasintha pang'onopang'ono kuchokera ku "zida zapadera" kupita ku "mapulatifomu apadziko lonse" kuti azigwira ntchito m'malo apadera. Kaya ndikufufuza zamoyo pamalo akuya-pamalo otenthetsera madzi a m'nyanja, kuyeretsa malo ochezeka pambuyo pa ngozi ya fakitale ya nyukiliya, kapena kunyamula katundu pa ntchito yomanga Mars base, "wofufuza{2}}wamiyendo isanu ndi umodzi" uyu adzakhala wothandiza kwambiri pothandiza anthu kukulitsa malire awo ozindikira.
