Chifukwa Chake Makina A Honing Amafunika Pakupanga mphete za Piston
Mphete za pistoni ziyenera kukhala nazogeometry yolondola kwambiri komanso kumaliza kwapamwambakuonetsetsa:
Zoyenerakusindikizapakati pa pistoni ndi khoma la silinda
Kulamulidwafilimu ya mafutapamwamba pa silinda
Zochepakupsinjika ndi kupsinjikapa ntchito injini
Pambuyo ndondomeko mongakutembenuka, mphero, ndi kupukusa, mphetem'mimba mwake (ID), m'mimba mwake (OD),ndinkhope zapambaliakhoza kukhala ndi:
Zizindikiro za makina a Microscopic
Zopotoka pang'ono (kuchokera-kwa-kuzungulira, taper)
Kusakhathamiritsa kwapamwamba kuti mafuta asungidwe ndikuyenda-mkati
Choncho,kulemekeza kumafunikaku:
Kukwaniritsamicron-kuzungulira mulingo ndi kulondola kwakeID ya mphete kapena OD.
Sinthanipamwamba mapeto ndi kubala katundukwa kutsetsereka kosalala motsutsana ndi ndodo ya silinda.
Pangani amicrotexture yoyendetsedwazomwe zimagwira bwino mafuta odzola.
Chotsanizotsalira zida zizindikirondi kuyenga geometry pambuyo kutentha kutentha kapena akupera.
Ntchito za Honing Machine mu Piston Ring Production
| Ntchito | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Dimensional Precision | Kukula komaliza kwa mphete ID/OD mpaka mkati mwa ± 0.001–0.002 mm. |
| Roundness ndi Cylindricity Correction | Imathetsa kupotoza komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutentha kapena kukonza makina. |
| Surface Finish Kupititsa patsogolo | Imafika pagalasi-ngati kapena pamwamba (Ra ≈ 0.1–0.3 µm). |
| Malo Osungira Mafuta | Amapanga pang'ono-cross-hatch kapena plateau texture kuti azipaka bwino bwino. |
| Kuchepetsa Kukangana ndi Kuvala | Imakulitsa magwiridwe antchito a mphete ya piston komanso kuyendetsa bwino kwa injini. |
Momwe Honing Process Imachitikira (Step-by-Step)
1. Kukonzekera kwa Workpiece
Mphete za pistoni zimamangidwansopayekhapayekhakapena mumilupa amolondola mandrel.
Makina opangira honing amayikidwa molingana ndikukula kwa mphete ndi zinthu(nthawi zambiri chitsulo chosungunuka, chitsulo, kapena molybdenum-zokutidwa ndi mphete).
2. Kukonzekera kwa Chida cha Honing
A honing mandrel kapena mutuwokwaniramiyala ya abrasiveamagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ma abrasives nthawi zambiri amakhaladiamondi, CBN (cubic boron nitride), kapena aluminium okusayidi, kutengera kuuma kwa mphete ndi zofunika kumaliza.
Miyala ndizokulitsa, kugwiritsa ntchito yunifolomu kuthamanga pamwamba kapena kunja.
3. Honing Operation
(a) Chibwenzi ndi Motion
Mutu wa honingimazungulira(nthawi zambiri 200-600 rpm) pomwekubwezerana axiallypafupipafupi (20-60 zikwapu / min).
Kusuntha kophatikizika kumeneku kumadula malo enieni, ofananirako ndipo kumatha kupanga ayaying'ono-yodutsa{1}}hatch patternpakafunika.
(b) Kupanikizika Kwambiri ndi Chakudya
Kukula koyendetsedwa ndi Hydraulic kapena servo-kumagwiritsa ntchito kukakamiza kosasintha kuonetsetsa kuti katundu achotsedwa.
Kuchotsa zinthu kumakhala kochepa - kawirikawiri5–20 µm- koma ndi zolondola kwambiri za geometric.
(c) Kuyenda Kozizira
Mafuta a Honing kapena zoziziritsa kupangira zimachotsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, mafuta, ndikuziziritsa zonse zopangira ntchito ndi ma abrasives.
4. Kuyang'anira Njira ndi Kuyeza
-mukuyezerakapenamakina oyezera mpweyakuyang'anira kukula kwa bore kapena ring ID munthawi yeniyeni.
Kuzimitsa kukula kwake{0}}kumapangitsa kuti mphete iliyonse ikwaniritse zomwe angathe.
Zopanga{0}}zokweza kwambiri,makina ambiri{{0}opota kapena opangira mapulanetiamagwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi yomweyo honing wa mphete angapo.
5. Kumaliza (Plateau kapena Mirror Honing)
Chiphaso chomaliza chimagwiritsa ntchitozabwino{{0}miyala ya gritkusalaza nsonga zake ndikusiya mafuta-zigwa zotsalira.
Izi "kukwera pamwamba" imapanga mawonekedwe oyendetsedwa bwino omwe amachepetsa kuvala panthawi yoyamba ya injini-pagawo.
Zotsatira Zapamwamba ndi Zowoneka bwino
| Parameter | Mtengo Wodziwika | Cholinga |
|---|---|---|
| ID/OD Kulekerera | ± 0.001-0.002 mm | Kusindikiza kokwanira bwino mu piston groove ndi cylinder bore |
| Kuzungulira | Ochepera kapena ofanana ndi 1.0 µm | Kuzungulira kosalala komanso kuthamanga kofanana |
| Kukalipa Pamwamba (Ra) | 0.1–0.3 µm | Kuwongolera kotsetsereka komanso kuwongolera mafuta |
| Cross-Hatch Angle | 20-40 digiri (ngati pakufunika) | Kusungidwa bwino kwa mafuta ndi kudzoza |
| Chigawo cha Plateau | 60–80% | Kuthamanga mwachangu-mkati ndi kocheperako |
Kusintha kwa Honing kwa mphete za Piston
| Mtundu | Kufotokozera | Kugwiritsa ntchito |
|---|---|---|
| Internal Honing | Imawongolera mkati (pa piston groove fit) | Zofala kwambiri |
| Kukongola Kwakunja | Imamaliza m'mimba mwake (pamadzi olumikizana ndi silinda) | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito powongolera molondola mawonekedwe a ring-bore |
| Flat Surface Honing | Amamaliza nkhope za mphete | Kwa kutsetsereka kosalala mumizere ya piston |
| Makina Opangira Mapulaneti | Ma spindles angapo amanola mphete zingapo nthawi imodzi | Mizere-yokweza mawu |
Chidule
| Mbali | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Kufunika kwa Honing | Kuti mukhale olondola kwambiri, osalala, ndi mafuta-pamalo osungika pa piston ring kuti injini isindikize ndi kuvala moyo wake wonse. |
| Ntchito Zazikulu | Kuwongolera kwa dimensional, kuwongolera kozungulira, kumalizitsa pamwamba, komanso kupanga kapangidwe ka mafuta. |
| Njira Yopangira | Kudula kwa abrasive mowongolera pogwiritsa ntchito miyala yozungulira ndi yobwerezabwereza pansi pa kuzizira kosalekeza. |
| Zotsatira | Geometry ya mphete yokhazikika, kugundana kochepa, kuwongolera mafuta koyenera, komanso kulimba kwa injini. |
