Chidziwitso Pamakina a Honing
A makina osindikizirandi malo olondola-chida chomaliza chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza bwinogeometry, kulondola kwa dimensional, ndi mawonekedwe apamwambazobowola kapena mabowo cylindrical.
Zimagwiritsa ntchitomiyala ya abrasivewokwezedwa pakuzungulira ndi kubwereza mandrelkuchotsa gawo labwino kwambiri lazinthu - nthawi zambiri ma micrometer ochepa - kuti akwaniritsekulolera kolimba (± 1-2 µm)ndizomaliza bwino kwambiri (Ra Wocheperapo kapena wofanana ndi 0.1 µm).
Honing kwenikweni ndichomaliza Machining sitepepambuyo potopetsa kapena kugaya ndipo ndizofunikira m'mafakitale omwe kuyenda mosalala, zothina, ndi mafuta osasinthasintha amafunikira - monga kuinjini zamagalimoto, makina a hydraulic, ma bearing, ndi zida zamlengalenga.
Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana Yamakina a Honing
Makina a Honing amatha kugawidwa kutengera kasinthidwe kawo, momwe amagwirira ntchito, mulingo wodzichitira okha, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito.
Pansipa palimitundu yofala kwambiriamagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale:
1. Horizontal Honing Machines
Chogwirira ntchito chimagwiridwa mozungulira pomwe chida chowongolera chikudutsamo.
Zoyeneramachubu aatali, ma shaft, ndi masilinda a hydraulic.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngatikudutsa-mabowo.
Ubwino:
Zabwino kwambiri pazantchito zazitali.
Kukhazikika kokhazikika kwa bore.
Kutulutsa bwino kwa chip.
Mapulogalamu Odziwika:
Masilinda a Hydraulic, migolo yamfuti, ma crankshaft bores, ndi machubu olondola.
2. Oima Honing Machines
Chogwirira ntchito chimayikidwa molunjika; ulusi wopota umayenda mmwamba ndi pansi.
Zoyenera kwambirizazifupi,{0}}zolondola kwambirindimabowo akhungu.
Ubwino:
Mapazi ang'onoang'ono.
Kuyenda bwino kwa ozizira.
Zosavuta kupanga zokha.
Mapulogalamu:
Injini zotchinga, zokhala ndi nyumba, ma compressor, ndi magiya nyumba.
3. Makina Opangira Bowo Akhungu
Zopangidwira makamakazotsekera-mabowo (akhungu)., kumene kuchotsa zinyalala ndi kuwongolera kuthamanga kumakhala kovuta.
Okonzeka ndi mpweya wapadera ozizira ndi masanjidwe mwala kukhalabe ngakhale kukhudzana.
Mapulogalamu:
Mapampu amtundu, nyumba zopangira ma valve, ndi zida zamagalimoto zokhala ndi malekezero akhungu.
4. Makina Amodzi-Makina a Pass Honing
Amatchedwansoanabowola kumaliza kapena mwatsatanetsatane reming kachitidwe.
Chidacho chimadutsa mu bore kamodzi popanda kubwezera.
Imachotsa zinthu muzakudya zolamulidwa kamodzi, zoyenera kuti{0}}zipangidwe kwambiri.
Ubwino:
Nthawi yofulumira yozungulira.
Kuwongolera kwakukulu kwa kukula ndi kubwereza.
Kuthandizira kocheperako.
Mapulogalamu:
Majekeseni amafuta, nyumba zotumizira, zotsekera ma hydraulic valve.
5. Makina Angapo-Makina a Spindle Honing
Ma spindle angapo amagwira ntchito imodzi kapena zingapo.
Common mukupanga zochuluka(mwachitsanzo, midadada ya injini zamagalimoto).
ZingaphatikizepoCNC-yolamulidwa-mu ndondomeko yoyezera.
Ubwino:
Kupanga kwakukulu ndi kusasinthasintha.
Zochita zokha.
Zoyenera kuphatikiza mzere.
6. Kunja Honing Machines
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsakunja cylindrical pamwambaosati zobowola zamkati.
Ndikoyenera kukonza zozungulira, kumaliza pamwamba, ndi kulondola kwake kwa ma shafts kapena ndodo.
Mapulogalamu:
Zokhala ndi magazini, ndodo za pistoni, ndi zopota zolondola.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Makina a Honing
| Makampani | Zofananira Zophatikiza |
|---|---|
| Zagalimoto | Mabomba a cylinder, ndodo zolumikizira, nyumba zopangira zida |
| Zamlengalenga | Ma hydraulic actuators, manja okwera |
| Ma Bearings | Mphete zamkati ndi zakunja, zokhala ndi manja |
| Ma Hydraulics / Pneumatics | Machubu a cylinder, ma valve blocks |
| Zachipatala | Implant manja, machubu opaleshoni |
| Mafuta & Gasi | Pompo matupi, control nyumba |
Zopangira Zopangidwa Pogwiritsa Ntchito Makina A Honing
Makhalidwe olondola ndi mitundu yobereka
Ma silinda a injini ndi midadada
Ma hydraulic ndi pneumatic silinda
Transmission nyumba
Migolo yamfuti ndi machubu
Mapampu ndi ma valve
Zojambula za compressor
Kuwongolera tchire ndi spindles
Mbiri ya Evolution ya Honing Machines
| Nthawi | Mfundo Zachitukuko |
|---|---|
| 1900s | Kulima kudapangidwa ngati njira-yomaliza yopangira masilinda a injini. |
| 1940s | Choyamba makina yopingasa honing makina anayambitsa kupanga misa. |
| 1960s | Makina opindika ndi{0}}ambiri opangira ma spindle opangidwira makampani opanga magalimoto. |
| 1980s | CNC-makina owongolera owongolera amawongolera kulondola komanso kubwereza. |
| 2000s - Panopa | Kuphatikiza kwamu-njira yoyezera, zochita zokha,ndikuwongolera kosinthikakwa-makanika olondola kwambiri. |
Njira Yopangira Makina Opangira
Kukweraworkpiece mosamala mu fixture.
Kuyika honing mandrelndi miyala yonyansa.
Kuzungulira ndi kubwezeranamandrel kuti apange crosshatch chitsanzo.
Kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa miyalandi mlingo wa chakudya kuchotsa wosanjikiza woonda wa zinthu.
Kupukutandi choziziritsa kukhosi kuchotsa tchipisi ndi kusunga kutentha.
Kuyezakukula kwake ndi geometry (yokha kapena pamanja).
Kuyeretsandi kuyendera komaliza kwa kuzungulira, taper, ndi kumaliza pamwamba.
Ubwino / Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Makina Owongolera
Amakwaniritsamicron-kulondola kwa mulingo (±1 µm)
Amapangagalasi-ngati zomaliza(Ra Wocheperapo kapena wofanana ndi 0.1 µm)
Zolondolazolakwika za mawonekedwe(zozungulira, zozungulira, zozungulira)
Zimawonjezerakusungirako mafutandikuvala kukana
Amachepetsaphokoso ndi kukanganam’misonkhano
Amawonjezerachigawo moyo
Yogwirizana ndizida zolimba ndi zofewa
Kusankha Wopanga Wabwino Wamakina a Honing
Mukawunika ogulitsa, yesani:
ukatswiri waukadaulo ndi maukonde othandizira
Kulekerera kulondola kwa makinandi zobwerezabwereza
Mtundu wa CNC system(Fanuc, Siemens, Mitsubishi)
Kugwirizana ndi automation / robotics
Kuthekera makonda
Pambuyo-zothandizira zogulitsa ndi zosinthirakupezeka
Maumboni a Makasitomala ndi ziphaso (ISO 9001, CE, SGS)
Zinthu Zomwe Muyenera Kuziganizira Pogula Makina A Honing
Miyezo ya workpiece ndi mtundu wa bore(kudzera kapena khungu)
Zofunika kulolerana ndi pamwamba kumaliza
Voliyumu yopanga ndi mulingo wodzichitira
Kugwirizana kwa zida ndi abrasive
Dongosolo loziziritsa komanso kusefera kwabwino
Zofunikira pakuwongolera ndi luso la wogwiritsa ntchito
Chitsimikizo, maphunziro, ndi chithandizo chaukadaulo
Katundu wa Honing Machines
| Katundu | Mtundu / mawonekedwe |
|---|---|
| Bore Diameter Range | 1 mm - 1000 mm |
| Kutalika kwa Stroke | Mpaka 2 mita (yopingasa) |
| Kulondola | ±1 µm mpaka ±3 µm |
| Pamwamba Pamwamba | Ra 0.02-0.2 µm |
| Kugwirizana kwazinthu | Chitsulo, chitsulo, aluminium, titaniyamu, ceramics |
| Spindle Speed | 100-600 rpm |
| Kubweza Kuthamanga | 10-50 mm / s |
Momwe Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Makina Ochizira
Ikani workpiecebwino mu fixture.
Ikani ndi kuyanjanitsaolondola honing mandrel kapena mwala seti.
Khazikitsani magawo- liwiro la kasinthasintha, kutalika kwa sitiroko, ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya.
Ikani zoziziritsa kukhosimosalekeza panthawi ya kumeta.
Yambani kulimbandi kuthamanga kwa kuwala; pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera miyala.
Kuwunika kukulapogwiritsa ntchito geji kapena -zowunikira zowunikira.
Malizani kuzungulira, chotsani ndi kuyeretsa workpiece.
Yang'ananichifukwa chozungulira, kuwongoka, ndi kumaliza pamwamba.
Kalozera / Terminology Terminology for Honing Machines
| Nthawi | Tanthauzo |
|---|---|
| Kulemekeza Mandrel | Chida chomwe chimagwira ndikukulitsa miyala yonyezimira. |
| Chithunzi cha Crossshatch | Mizere yodutsana yopangidwa ndi kayendedwe ka rotary ndi kubwereza, kukonza mafuta. |
| CBN / Miyala ya Diamondi | Superabrasive zipangizo zitsulo zolimba. |
| Single-Pass Honing | Njira yomwe chida chimadutsa pachibowo kamodzi popanda kubweza. |
| Mu-Kuyesa | Muyeso wodziwikiratu pa honing kuonetsetsa miyeso yeniyeni. |
| Blind Bore | Bowo lotsekedwa-lofunika luso lapadera la honing. |
Mtengo wotsika kwambiri wa magawo a Honing Machines
Mitengo yamakina a honing imasiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu, kukula, zochita zokha, komanso zofunikira zolondola:
| Mtundu | Mitengo Yeniyeni (USD) |
|---|---|
| Manual Bench Honing Machine | $3,000 – $8,000 |
| Semi-Makina Okhazikika Okhazikika | $10,000 – $25,000 |
| CNC Vertical Honing Machine | $20,000 – $60,000 |
| Multi-Spindle Production System | $60,000 – $150,000+ |
| Single-Pass / Custom Automatic Line | $80,000 – $200,000+ |
